Spontaneous migration of an intrauterine device into the bladder is very rare. Foreign bodies of the urinary bladder may occur by self-insertion or migration from neighbor organs. When ignored for a long time, foreign bodies act as a core for calculus formation. The patient usually present with dysuria and intermittent urinary tract infections.A 42-year-old woman is reported in whom an intrauterine device had been placed 7 years before this report, and complained of chronic pelvic pain, recurrent urinary tract infections and irritative urinany tract symptoms. After observation of stone in the bladder, the intrauterine device and the surrounded stone was removed by suprapubic cystolithotomy.

Backgrounds: Regarding the prevalence of injuries to flexor tendon in Zone II and its known side effects after routine repair, and also with respect to the possible diameter increase of repaired region after repairing with modified Kessler core suture followed by epitenon peripheral suture which in turn could cause problems in tendon motion in Zone II. This study has been developed to determine the efficacy of deep peripheral first suture technique (D.P.F.S.) in patients referring to 15 Khordad Hospital during the academic years of 1996 till 1998. Materials and methods: This clinical trial of semi-experimental type has been carried out on 50 patients suffering from tendon rupture of 70 digits in Zone [I. Patients were followed for 6 months. Strickland classification has been used for result analysis. Results: Among 50 patients with mean age of 30, 70% were male and the remaining 30% were female. Left hand was hurt in 70% of the cases and right hand in 30%. Third finger was the most common site of injury. Rupturing of both superficial and deep tendons was reported in 72% of the cases. Injury to the digital nerve was seen in 34% of the patients. Conclusion: Regarding the satisfactory results obtained in our study, deep peripheral first suture technique (D.P.F.S.) revealed to be a successful method in primary flexor tendon repair in Zone n. In the meanwhile, another clinical trial to compare this technique with other successful routine methods is strongly recommended.

Misplacement of tracheal tube in the esophagus remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in anesthesia despite decades of effort aimed at prevention or (more importantly) detection of such an event. We have evaluated a cheap, simple and quick device (Esophageal Detector Device; EDD) which relies mainly on the relation or otherwise of an evacuated elastic bulb applied to the supposed (tracheal) or (esophageal) tube.Identical tracheal tubes were passed into the trachea and esophagus of 100 patients, the left and right position in the mouth was chosen at random.The test was conducted by a second person, not present at intubations and unaware of the tube placed in the trachea. There were no false negatives (relation of elastic bulb applied to the tracheal tubes) probably due to bronchospasm early after induction of anesthesia. Correct deduction of the tracheal tube position was achieved in 98 patients using the device. We conclude that EDD could be a very sensitive (100%) and reliable method for detection of esophageal intubations however, it is recommended in further studies to test the tubes immediately after intubations (when bronchospasm is most probable) to find the exact specificity and accuracy of the device.

By beginning of the year 2020, COVID-19 has spread all over the world. The virus has caused numerous social, medical, and political challenges. One of the major challenges faced by countries to control the outbreak of the virus was the stability of economic and social activities and the simultaneous fulfilling of work during quarantine. Under such circumstances, telework is employed as one of the important policies control the virus. Moreover, many employees have tendency for remote working or teleworking. In such a situation, the importance of applying the Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) approach to fulfill job duties seems obvious. To enjoy the benefits of BYOD, organizations need the right policy for applying BYOD. This perspective endeavors to shed light on how to apply BYOD policy. From the researchers' point of view, the important facets that could be addressed when applying BYOD can be described like this: policy is appropriate decision-making and implementation, technical infrastructure, continuous communication, staff training, security and privacy protocols, and agreement between staff and organization as well as the use of cloud computing.

Introduction: Long-term teletherapy program is not suitable for old and working patients and those living in areas where little access to primary health care is available. Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) using high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy is an appropriate alternative for these patients due to its limited number of fractions. The AccuBoost is a system for delivering APBI. The brachytherapy dose is delivered from parallel-opposed beams from 192Ir sources in circle applicators. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of breast phantom material on the dose distribution in AccuBoost brachytherapy using Monte Carlo N-Particle method. Material and Methods: In this study, different inhomogeneous breast phantoms composed of various materials were simulated. Dosimetric evaluations including a comparison of dose distribution between different breast phantom materials and water phantom was performed. Results: There was no significant difference between the breast and water phantoms in terms of mean dose values in different positions of each phantom. The most significant differences between the doses of different compositions and water were found to be about 6% near the skin. Conclusion: No significant differences were observed between the breast phantoms composed of diverse materials and water phantoms considering the dose distributions. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace the current treatment planning systems using Task Group No. 43 formalism with combined model-based and patient-specific dosimetry methods.

Base station assisted device-to-device communications (D2D) lets cellular users communicate directly. As D2D connections can operate on a joint frequency band, interference management is essential to boost the spectral efficiency and users’ quality of service. Two different approaches are proposed to tackle the interference in D2D networks. A power control scheme and a frequency-time scheduling are examined to achieve long-term fairness among D2D users. The power control maximizes weighted sum-rate of the users, where the weights indicate priority of the users. The second proposed strategy is to avoid interference when it is high. In this algorithm, the spectrum band is divided among users as interference coupling rises. A metric from the information theory literature has been adopted to measure the coupling. The proposed schemes are tested through multiple time slots and the average rate of a user and network sum-rate have been observed. The results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed power control scheme.

The video is a popular service among users which plays an important role in the networks traffic and has hugest volume of data compared to other types of communications. In recent years, the great willingness of users to watch live videos has attracted the researchers to the networks equipped with content saving devices in which the video content is saved in advance within the edge devices (small stations and smart devices) for fast delivery. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to send the video content based on the D2D connection and providing a multi-connection and multi-user opportunities. According to the random nature of the popularity of video content and the random demands of users in the network, the authors of the article use the random distribution of popularity among users to investigate the probability of sending the same content to some users simultaneously. In this method, the requests of some users are answered by one response. Extensive simulations results of the proposed method reveals the important effect of the random distribution of video content popularity and show that using multi-link D2D connections can cause significant improvements in the efficiency of the network in term of the network throughput.

In this paper, beamforming and consumed power minimization in base station is studied for an underlay device-to-device communication within a cellular network. It is assumed that the channel state information are not available at the base station, and only estimations of their covariance are available. The estimation errors are considered in two models. In the first model, the errors are upper bounded in their Frobenius norms and the goal is to find the beamforming in the base station in order to minimize the consumed power in BS under the constraint that the signal to interference plus noise ratio for users are guaranteed to be above a certain predefined threshold. In the second model, a probabilistic model is considered for the uncertainty of channel covariance matrices and the BS consumed power is minimized while the non-outage probability of users are guaranteed to be above a certain predefined threshold. Although our approaches initially lead to non-convex optimization problems, they can be reformulated in convex forms by using the semidefinite relaxation technique to find lower bounds for them. Simulation results show that our proposed methods outperform Hybrid MRT-ZF, ZFBF and MRT beamforming schemes.